Image Scan are applying their technology to far more than Baggage Screening. The application of advanced X-ray sensing, software, robotics and GPS to the application detailed below is intriguing and makes for a very interesting read. Image Scan's 3DX-Camera + software will scan a field of cauliflowers and determine the development of each. GPS is used to map the results which are 'remembered' so that the harvester returns first to the ready areas of crop. The 3DX eyes then guide a robotic arm for auto cutting/harvesting, leaving those that aren't ready yet. The harvesting can even be done at night when ambient temperatures are lower - because X-Ray 'sees' in the dark. Great stuff. Production line models, manufactured by Richard Pearson, are expected Spring 2005 selling at 100k-150K a time. Enjoy!
Selective mechanical harvester for cauliflower and brassicas
Image produced using the 3DX-Camera - a cauliflower prior to automatic trimming.
World's first automated cauliflower harvesting system is set for commercial production. Image Scan Holdings is supplying image processing software and high- end specialist X- ray technology.
Cauliflowers are a valuable crop, worth around 55m a year to UK growers at farm gate prices. But the delicate curds have to be carefully harvested by hand, and producers have been facing increasing labour shortages. Now LINK research has led to advanced sensing and cutting technology to provide the basis for the world's first commercial harvesting machine.
A significant world market is forecast for the new machines, which are likely to sell for between 100,000 and 150,000 each.
Harvesting cauliflowers is a labour intensive business. The delicate curds do not mature uniformly, so pickers have to inspect each one and carefully cut only those that have reached the right size. Labour costs are high for UK producers. It is increasingly difficult to find enough workers, who must be sufficiently skilled to avoid
wastage and damage to the crop.
Caulicut Horticultural LINK project attracted a grant of 912K. From what is available on Defras website it looks as though the 912K grant was one of the largest awarded. One might assume that that underlines the expectations and importance of the project.
Project, the beneficiary of a SMART award, is still in the stage of modifying prototypes with final build and testing expected towards the end of 2004 with production line manufacture Spring 2005. (They are also working on an automated seedling transplanter which would scan seedlings to ascertain whether they are large enough for planting and then use robotics to transplant them.)
Full details and assorted links below
Regards,
G.
CAULIFLOWER POWER
http://www.defra.gov.uk/science/LINK/Publications/Newsletters/AgricultureLINK/AgLINK_Issue11.pdf
World's first automated cauliflower harvesting system is set for commercial production
SUMMARY
Cauliflowers are a valuable crop, worth around 55m a year to UK growers at farm gate prices. But the delicate curds have to be carefully harvested by hand, and producers have been facing increasing labour shortages. Now LINK research has led to advanced sensing and cutting technology to provide the basis for the world's first commercial harvesting machine.
The HortLINK Caulicut[100] project brought growers together with a leading machinery builder and experts in sensor technology and image processing. Researchers investigated how mature curds could be selected, cut and lifted in an integrated process. Following successful prototype demonstrations, the technology has been
patented and a commercial machine is being developed, ready to go on the market in 2004.
The outcome of the three- year project should help UK growers to harvest high qualify produce more competitively, increasing exports and reducing imports. There could also be significant markets for the harvesting system worldwide. Advanced sensor technology capable of mapping crop maturity could be applied to other crops including lettuces and other brassicas.
QUOTE
Wayne Kimberlin Consultant, Mechatronics Manufacturing PERA Technology:
'This project just would not have taken place without LINK. The HortLINK programme is the only umbrella under which the growers, technology/ industrial companies and research organisations can come together and produce this kind of technology.
'LINK enabled us to cross- fertilise different areas of expertise and achieve a step change in harvesting methods. The result should be a more competitive industry in the UK, with potential for reduced reliance on imports and increased exports of both cauliflowers and machinery. ''
PROFILE
Harvesting cauliflowers is a labour intensive business. The delicate curds do not mature uniformly, so pickers have to inspect each one and carefully cut only those that have reached the right size. Labour costs are high for UK producers. It is increasingly difficult to find enough workers, who must be sufficiently skilled to avoid
wastage and damage to the crop. The work is seasonal and often arduous, with a risk of repetitive strain injury (RSI). New employment legislation has increased costs by restricting working hours and further reducing availability.
A group of Lincolnshire growers wanted to see if new technology could provide a solution and increase their competitiveness. LINK supported research to meet the urgent need for a mechanical harvesting machine capable of sophisticated selection and handling procedures. The Caulicut[100] project, part of the Horticultural LINK programme (HortLINK), brought the growers together with sensor and image
scanning specialists, a leading machinery builder and R& D partners Pera and HRI.
The project's successful outcome promises significant savings for an important sector of UK horticulture. Cauliflower growing accounts for an area of about 18,000 ha and the value of the crop is worth 55m at farm gate prices. Approximately 80% is bought by major supermarkets, who demand high standards of freshness, trim and absence of physical damage.
Researchers designed and tested a variety of sensors, cutting and lifting mechanisms and associated control systems. They had to overcome sensing and handling problems specific to cauliflowers. Mature curds measure about 110 mm, and to identify them sensors must penetrate a heavy leaf mantle. Three different solutions were tested tactile sensing, X- ray sensing and a novel radio- frequency
method. Successful field tests were carried out with the tactile and X- ray sensors and the RF device was successfully bench tested, showing potential for future development.
A stalk cutting and transfer mechanism was designed to cut and lift mature curds
without damaging them. Following completion of the LINK project, the Caulicut[100] consortium were awarded a Smart grant to develop a prototype harvester, integrating sensing and cutting mechanisms with a trailer mounted top- trim unit to prepare the cauliflowers to supermarket standards.
PATENT and COMMERCIALISATION
Following successful field trials, the Caulicut[100] technology was patented. Machinery manufacturer Richard Pearson Ltd is now leading commercial development. The world's first integrated cauliflower harvesting machine is expected to go on the market in 2004 and will be sold throughout the world.
A significant world market is forecast for the new machines, which are likely to sell for between 100,000 and 150,000 each. Their launch will help the manufacturer to diversify its business, currently built around harvesting potatoes and other root crops.
The Boston- based firm currently employs around 40- 50 people. Applications could be extended to a variety of other crops such as lettuces and other brassicas.
Sensing and technology companies have extended their knowledge base as a result of the project. JR Technology is developing the innovative RF sensor and Image Scan Holdings is supplying image processing software and high- end specialist X- ray
technology.
For cauliflower growers, there are wider benefits than envisaged when the project was launched. Because the sensors can 'see' in the dark, they will be able to harvest at night for the first time. Ambient temperatures will be significantly lower compared to daytime harvesting, saving on refrigeration costs. By combining sensor and GPS data, growers will be able to pinpoint maturity and location of every plant in the field. This will make it possible to plan subsequent harvesting instead of relying on repeated inspection and subjective decisions by skilled workers.
Links:
http://www.defra.gov.uk/Science/LINK/Agriculture/HortLINK/projects/default.asp
pdf:
http://www.ost.gov.uk/link/linkcasestudies/cauliflowersapril03.pdf
http://www.eurexcel.org/members/casestudies/casestudy1.asp
http://www.masbonfante.it/images/foto_prodotti/foto_ish_9.jpg
http://www.richardpearson.com/